The Effectiveness of Using Kagan’s Collaborative Structures in Developing Primary School Pupils’ Some Literary Appreciation Skills

The present research aimed at measuring the effectiveness of using Kagan’s collaborative structures in teaching literary texts and reading topics to develop literary appreciation skills for fourth-grade pupils. To achieve this goal, the researcher prepared a list of the necessary and appropriate literary appreciation skills for fourth-grade pupils, and the researcher also prepared a test that measured the literary appreciation skills of the research sample. This is in addition to preparing worksheets for pupils in the form of language activities and a guide for the teacher showing how to use Kagan’s collaborative structures in teaching literary texts and reading topics prescribed to fourth-grade pupils in the second semester of 2022/2023. The researcher followed the quasi-experimental approach based on the experimental design with two groups, the experimental and the control, through the following procedures: preparing a literary appreciation skills test for the fourth-grade primary pupils, and it was scientifically validated by presenting it to a panel of jury members and modifying it in the light of their opinions, and applying it to the two groups beforehand and analyzing the findings that resulted from the application. Then, Kagan’s collaborative structures were applied in teaching literary texts to the experimental group.Then, the test was applied after the end of the experiment on the pupils of the two groups. The results revealed a statistically significant difference between the experimental group's mean scores and the control group's mean scores in the post-test of literary appreciation in favor of the experimental group.