Academic Entitlement and Its Relationship to Proactive Personality and Cognitive Insight of postgraduates at Al-Azhar University: A predictive differential study

The research aimed to determine the level of academic entitlement of postgraduates at Al-Azhar University, and to know the relationship between academic entitlement, proactive personality and cognitive insight, and the possibility of predicting academic entitlement from proactive personality and cognitive insight each separately. In addition, to reveal the differences in academic entitlement that are attributed to gender (males and females), specialization (educational - Sharia and Arabic - scientific - qualitative), and to the level of learning (special diploma- master's- doctorate). (270) male and female postgraduates at Al-Azhar University participated in the research. And the research tools were: measures of academic entitlement, proactive personality, and cognitive insight (all prepared by the researcher), using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, simple and multiple stepwise regression analysis, and three-way analysis of variance, and a one-sample T-test. The research results showed: the presence of an average level of entitlement expectations, a low level in the total score of academic entitlement and the dimension of external responsibility, and the presence of a negative correlation between academic entitlement (total score and dimensions) and both proactive personality and insight. Cognitive (total score and dimensions), and the results showed the possibility of predicting academic merit from the proactive personality and cognitive insight, each separately. They also showed the absence of statistically significant differences in academic merit due to the variables of gender, level of education, and specialization. The results were discussed in light of the theoretical framework and previous research.